The issue of water rights were an issue of great importance between the two nations, during Ashraf Ghani's presidency, Afghanistan began building a number of new dams, such as the Salma Dam across the Harirud river and the Kamal Khan Dam across the Helmand river. Relations between the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan and the newly formed Islamic Republic of Iran soured. In 1978 Afghanistan turned Communist following the Saur Revolution, Iran would under go its own revolution overthrowing the Pro Western Shah and turning Iran into a Shia technocracy. According to a 1973 treaty between the prime ministers of both nations, Iran is supposed to receive a share of 820 million cubic meters of the river each year. In 1939, the kings of the two countries signed an accord to share water rights, which was signed but never ratified. Background Iran's rights to the Helmand water Map showing the Helmand River drainage basinĭisputes between Iran and Afghanistan over rights to the water of the Helmand river first occurred in the 1870s, flaring again after the river changed course in 1896. After a brief clash, the two sides de-escalated the situation. On, Armed Forces of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan and Iranian border guards clashed along the Afghanistan–Iran border between the Afghan Nimruz Province and the Iranian Sistan and Baluchestan Province. Islamic State–Taliban conflict (2015–present).
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